| Palmate primary | Unlobed | Margin entire |
| Pinnate primary | Pinnately lobed | Margin toothed |
| Thick 1° with respect to 2° | Palmately lobed | One order of teeth |
| 1° pinnate w/acute basal 2° | No Agrophics | > 1 order of teeth |
| Semiscraspededromous 2° | Agrophics present | Tiny teeth |
| Craspedodromous 2° | Agrophics on upper veins | Large and irregular teeth |
| Brochidodromous 2° | Agrophics on basal veins | Large and regular teeth |
| Eucamptodromous 2° | Compound agrophics | Marginal Vein Absent |
| Other 2° | Naked base | Intramarginal vein |
| Exurrent costal 2° | Basal extension present` | Fimbrial vein |
| Decurrent costal 2° | Base asymmetric | Leaf is low ranking |
| Obtuse basal 2° | Base symmetric | Drip tip |
| 2° basally crowded | Leaf asymmetric | Ovate shape |
| Forking 2° | Closely spaced percurrent 3° present | Elliptic shape |
| 2° vein on the margin | 3° not percurrent | Obovate shape |
| Intersecondary present | 3° form spiderweb around base | Oblong shape |